氨基酸及杂环胺酰乙基锗倍半氧化物合成及对癌细胞的作用

β-羧乙基锗倍半氧化物(即Gc-132)是具广谱药理活性的水溶性有机锗化合物,但因其在体内代谢速度太快而影响药物利用度。因此,对它的各种衍生物的合成和生物活性研究受到重视。为提高Ge-132的亲脂性,增强药物活性,我们在分子中引入具有生物活性的氨基酸或杂环胺,合成了8种新型酰胺衍生物。合成路线如下:     

冰晶石-氧化铝熔体结构的计算机模拟研究

用Monte Carlo法对冰晶石-氧化铝系熔体结构作了计算机模拟研究。结果表明: 熔体中既有含“氧桥”和“氟桥”的“多核”离子集团, 如F3Al-O-AlF_3、F_3Al-AlF_3、F_3Al—F—AlF_3—F等; 也有“单核”离子集团如AlF_5~(2-)、AlOF_3~(2-)等。熔体中还存在较松散的xNa~+·yF~-离子集团。熔体中不存在AlO_2~-或AlO_3~(3-)集团。     

Photodissociation dynamics of pyridine

Photodissociation of pyridine, 2,6-d2-pyridine, and d5-pyridine at 193 and 248 nm was investigated separately using multimass ion imaging techniques. Six dissociation channels were observed at 193 nm, including C5NH5 --> C5NH4 + H (10%) and five ring opening dissociation channels, C5NH5 --> C4H4 + HCN, C5NH5 --> C3H3 + C2NH2, C5NH5 --> C2H4 +C3NH, C5NH5 --> C4NH2 + CH3 (14%), and C5NH5 --> C2H2 + C3NH3. Extensive H and D atom exchanges of 2,6-d2-pyridine prior to dissociation were observed. Photofragment translational energy distributions and dissociation rates indicate that dissociation occurs in the ground electronic state after internal conversion. The dissociation rate of pyridine excited by 248-nm photons was too slow to be measured, and the upper limit of the dissociation rate was estimated to be 2x10(3) s(-1). Comparisons with potential energies obtained from ab initio calculations and dissociation rates obtained from the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus theory have been made.     

Binding of high-mannose-type oligosaccharides and synthetic oligomannose clusters to human antibody 2G12: implications for HIV-1 vaccine design

Human antibody 2G12 broadly neutralizes human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates and shows protective activity against viral challenge in animal models. Previous mutational analysis suggested that 2G12 recognized a novel cluster of high-mannose type oligosaccharides on HIV-1 gp120. To explore the carbohydrate antigen for HIV-1 vaccine design, we have studied the binding of 2G12 to an array of HIV-1 high-mannose type oligosaccharides by competitive ELISAs and found that Man9GlcNAc is 210- and 74-fold more effective than Man5GlcNAc and Man6GlcNAc in binding to 2G12. The results establish that the larger high-mannose oligosaccharide on HIV-1 is the favorable subunit for 2G12 recognition. To mimic the putative epitope of 2G12, we have created scaffold-based multivalent Man9 clusters and found that the galactose-scaffolded bi-, tri-, and tetra-valent Man9 clusters are 7-, 22-, and 73-fold more effective in binding to 2G12 than the monomeric Man9GlcNAc2Asn. The experimental data shed light on further structural optimization of epitope mimics for developing a carbohydrate-based HIV-1 vaccine.     

Carbon-carbon bond cleavage in the photoionization of ethanol and 1-propanol clusters

Tunable VUV laser was used to initiate the ion-molecule reactions in the clusters of ethanol and 1-propanol by photoionization in the region between 10.49 to 10.08 eV. Ionic products were detected by the time-of-flight mass spectrometer. In addition to the protonated clusters from proton transfer reactions, the products corresponding to beta carbon-carbon bond cleavage were found to be one of the major products for small sizes of clusters. A comparison with photoionization of methanol clusters and the results of ab initio calculation has been made.     

Synthesis and Insulin—sensitizing Activity of a Series of 2—Benzyl—1,3—dicarbonyl Derivatives

A series of 2-benzyl-1,3-dicabonyl derivatives was synthesized.Their insulin-sensitizing activity was evaluated in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells.Compounds3,26 and 27 were found to possess strong insulin-sensitizing activity in vitro and were selected for further hypoglycemic evaluation in vivo.     

牙本质中天冬氨酸消旋化程度的测定——手性毛细管气相色谱法与高效液相色谱法的比较

应用手性毛细管气相色谱法（酸性异丙醇、三氟乙酸酐为衍生试剂）、高效液相色谱法（邻苯二甲醛－Ｎ－乙酰－Ｌ－半胱氨酸为手性衍生试剂）同时测定人类第一磨牙牙本质中天冬氨酸的消旋化程度，结果表明，两者均可有效地用于天冬氨酸对映体的分离测定，但气相色谱检测限（０．２ｐｍｏｌ）低于高效液相色谱（１．０ｐｍｏｌ），而变异系数（７％）、总分析时间（１００ｍｉｎ）均高于高效液相色谱（分别对应为４％，３１ｍｉｎ）。     

Study on open tubular capillary affinity liquid chromatography

A novel mode of affinity chromatography (AC) based on an open tubular capillary column (OTAC) is demonstrated. The OTAC column is prepared by immobilizing Cibacron blue F3GA onto the inner surface of a 50-microm-i.d. capillary column. The AC experiment is performed on a capillary electrophoresis instrument by using its pressure system as the driving force. Bovine serum albumin and lysozyme (Lys) are successfully separated with stepwise gradient elution. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for the elution time of the retained Lys is 0.08%, and good repeatability of its peak area and peak height with an RSD value lower than 2.12% for 10 consecutive runs is observed. The loading capacity and detection limit for the retained Lys are approximately 36 ng and 8.6 ng, respectively. It is also found that the amount of protein adsorbed is unaffected by the flow rate of the loading buffer, and OTAC can be used for the fast determination of biopolymers. Some of the advantages of OTAC over conventional modes of open tubular capillary liquid chromatography are that the detection sensitivity and loading capacity of a sample can be greatly improved, because the relatively large inner diameter of the capillary can be adopted and the whole capillary column can be used to adsorb the solute in OTAC.     

简法合成甲地孕酮

本文报道了合成甲地孕酮的简便方法,即以17α-乙酰氧基-黄体酮(3)为原料,将其烯醇醚(4)经Mannich反应,或将△~(3,5)-3,17α-二乙酰氧基-黄体酮(2)与二乙氧基甲烷反应,生成6-次甲基-17α-乙酰氧基-黄体酮(5),然后将5用钯/碳酸钙作催化剂转位得目的物甲地孕酮(6b),总收率分别为56%和50%(均以17α-羟基-黄体酮(1)为起始物)。